Internet of Things (IOT) Basics

Internet of Things (IOT)

                           The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems.

Purpose of IOT

     User can Remotely:

• Connect with devices to learn about it
• Monitor devices
• Search for devices
• Interact with devices

How to make things – IOT

• Every Device (in World) have Unique identity
• Have sensors
• Device have ability to communicate
• Connect through any (wired/wireless/satellite) network
• Manage from remote to create new business values and Revenues

IoT Architecture 

             IoT offers advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes beyond machine-to-machine communications(M2M) and covers a variety of protocols, domains, and applications. 

Cities / Connected Communities  

• Lighting, water management
• Monitoring & security
• Traffic control

Energy & Resources

• Voltage and Power sensors
• Meters and breakers
• Fault detection

Building and Home Automation

• Thermostats, HVAC, lighting
• Presence sensors, lockers, actuators
• Meters, smart-plug, HEC

Industrial & Manufacturing

• Lighting, security, actuators
• Production control
• Robotics

Medical and Healthcare Systems

• People monitoring
• Bio sensors, probes
• Remote Health

Life Sciences

• Independence through technology
• Information when you need it
• Connected when you need it

Transportation & Environment

• Electric Mobility, EVs and HEVs
• High speed trains
• Infrastructures

Home Automation

                 A home automation system integrates electrical devices in a house with each other. It provides improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security. 

Refrigerator:

• RFID tags recorders groceries as needed, and suggests recipes

Electric Toothbrush:

• Automatically recorders brush heads, shares brushing habits with your dentist

Cell Phone:

• Secure performs identification & verification for payments

Coffee maker:

• Custom setting for each coffee type, starts when alarm goes off

Smart Scale:

• Measures and sends weight into for progress tracking

Microwave:

• Automatically sets cook cycle with RFID recognition

Media Player:

• Remotely orders 
• new songs & video

Building Security:

• Security cameras interact with facial recognition database

Exercise Equipment:

• Recognize individual user and tracks workout schedules

 HVAC:

• Controls temperature & lights for maximum efficiency

 Television:

• Immediate “one-click” ordering of products seen on commercials

Vending:

• Automatically recorders supplies before it’s empty

 VoIP phone:

• Automatic updates, integration and forwarding

Printer:

• Automatically recorders toner and papers as needed

 Smart Building

           Building Automation System(BAS) is designed to monitor and control the mechanical, security, fire and flood safety, lighting and humidity control and ventilation systems in a building. 
 Disaster Prevention

• Raise alarm to decrease the impact of disasters like fire, earthquakes, industrial accidents and communication failures.

Network Monitoring

• Monitors a network for threats and problems caused by overloaded and/or crashed servers

Lighting Control

• Switch ON/OFF light in occupied/unoccupied areas

Temperature Control

• Temperature sensor in the zone provides feedback to the controller to deliver heating or cooling as needed

Energy Storage

• Measure electrical performance of the building and alert if device is wasting more than the usual amount of energy

Control Elevators and Escalators

• Remotely control elevators, and escalators to ensure safety as well as interoperability

Monitoring Cameras

• Monitor installed cameras to identify security threats

 Security Control

• Security cameras interact with facial recognition database

Cities/Connected Communities

           Building Automation System (BAS) is designed to monitor and control the mechanical, security, fire and flood safety, lighting and humidity control and ventilation systems in a building.

Traffic Management

• Dynamic Traffic control, Trip planning, electric vehicles, E-Ticket and accommodation

Weather Management

• Green pollution control, Climate change adaptation, Flood planning, Aviation forecasting

Public Service

• Citizen card, Mobile payment, government services and social security

 Medical

• Electronic medical Records, Distance medical diagnostic, Family health services

 Public utilities

• Monitoring water quality and drainage system, electricity and gas measurement. 

Education Environment

• Create transformative learning environments with revolutionary new software platforms and innovative interactive displays.

Intelligent Building and Home

• Improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security for building and home

 Parking

• Park and ride, parking availability space finder,monitor and manage your parking site with great efficiency.

IoT Technology

• Open source Platform evaluations for IoT (Contiki, Mbed, AllJoyn, Eclipse Foundation)
• Embedded middleware/Sensor Middleware 
• Connectivity protocols - MQTT, CoAP, 6LoWPAN
• Web Interface  - REST, SOAP
• Understanding Sensor Technologies.

Others

1.  Industry follow ups, Market Research
2.  Evaluation of the solutions provided by some of the IoT Home automation companies in the industry.   E.g.,: Smartthings (acquired  by Samsung), Nest (acquired by Google)    

IoT  Platforms	Features	Targeted Segment
Contiki (http://www.contiki-os.org/)	Open source. Operating system to connect tiny low-cost, low-power devices  to the Internet	Low memory, Low power devices
Mbed  (https://mbed.org/)	Open source by ARM. Operating System for developing IoT solutions on ARM architecture	Wearables, Smart Home , Smart Building
AllJoyn (https://www.alljoyn.org/)	Open source promoted by a consortium of companies (includes LG)	Smart Media devices, Connected Home
Eclipse IoT/M2M Platform (http://iot.eclipse.org/)	Promoted by Eclipse foundation	Generic Platform. Continuously evolving and Integrates the latest Protocols

Contiki Framework
             It is an open source operating system for networked, memory-constrained systems.
This is mainly targeted for low-power wireless Internet of Things devices
         Examples:

•  Street lighting systems.
•  parking monitoring for smart cities. 
•  Radiation monitoring systems.
•  Alarm systems.

Features:

• Highly memory efficient.
• Supports hardware devices that are severely constrained in terms of memory, power, processing power, and communication bandwidth
• Full IP Networking.
• Designed to operate in extremely low-power systems.
• Provides powerful low-power Internet communication.
• Supports dynamic loading and linking of modules at run-time.
• Uses a mechanism called Protothreads which  is a mixture of the event-driven and the multi-threaded programming mechanisms.
• Provides a lightweight flash file system.
• Flexible, Dynamic, Forward Compatible.

AllJoyn Framework

       A persistent publish/subscribe solution promoted by Qualcomm and consortium of companies including LG. This is mainly targeted towards home electronics:

• Connected Home
• Smart TV
• Smart Audio
• Broadband Gateways
• Automotive

Flexible, Dynamic, Forward Compatible

• Core building blocks and services to address: discovery, connectivity, security and management of ad-hoc proximal networks among nearby devices
• Service-level discovery, capabilities broadcasting, remote procedure calls, interface sharing, all benefits of Wi-Fi security, message marshalling
• Ability to react to dynamic, ad-hoc network changes
• Developer SDK

Enables Horizontal Market Interoperability

•   Cross-platform, cross-brand, cross-physical layers
•   Bridging ecosystems for individual markets and product categories
•   Discover new use cases and create new business models
•   Interoperable across leading OS and embed devices like small home appliances that don’t run an OS
•   Bearer agnostic
•   Devices can interact regardless of how they are connected – Wi-Fi, Ethernet, Powerline, etc

Oracle’s IoT Platform  

  Oracle Provides a suit of solutions for the connected world. (Oracle IoT/M2M solution suits). From small device like sensors to servers, Oracle promotes and refines Java as the tool for Building IoT ecosystem.

 Oracle’s IoT platform provides an end-to-end solution for a comprehensive, scalable, and cost-effective IoT architecture, enabling organizations to

• Manage and Analyse large volumes of device data throughout the lifecycle, from collection to analysis
• Integrate and Automate, using data from connected devices to make decisions ..
• Optimize and Innovate, integrating with Oracle business and industry applications  to reduce costs  and accelerate new service delivery

Did you find our blog helpful ? Share in comment section. Feel free to share on Twitter or Facebook by using the share buttons